Introduction to swagger-jsdoc

swagger-jsdoc is an incredible tool designed to simplify the integration of Swagger/OpenAPI documentation into your Node.js-based applications. It leverages JSDoc syntax to generate complete and easy-to-read API documentation automatically. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore various features and capabilities of swagger-jsdoc through numerous practical examples. This guide will help you optimize your API documentation for better SEO, enhancing your online presence effectively.

Setting Up swagger-jsdoc

First, let’s start with installing the swagger-jsdoc package in your Node.js application:

npm install swagger-jsdoc

Basic Configuration

Here’s how you can set up a basic configuration for swagger-jsdoc:

const swaggerJsdoc = require('swagger-jsdoc');

const options = {
  definition: {
    openapi: '3.0.0',
    info: {
      title: 'Sample API',
      version: '1.0.0',
    },
  },
  apis: ['./routes/*.js'], // files containing annotations
};

const specs = swaggerJsdoc(options);

module.exports = specs;

Documenting API Endpoints

Let’s annotate our API endpoints to include them in the generated documentation. Here’s a sample Express route:

/**
 * @swagger
 * /users:
 *   get:
 *     summary: Retrieve a list of users
 *     responses:
 *       200:
 *         description: A list of users
 */
router.get('/users', (req, res) => {
  // Retrieve and send user data
});

Adding Parameters and Responses

Detailed parameter and response documentation is essential. Here’s an enhanced version of our endpoint:

/**
 * @swagger
 * /users:
 *   get:
 *     summary: Retrieve a list of users
 *     parameters:
 *       - in: query
 *         name: limit
 *         schema:
 *           type: integer
 *         description: Limit the number of users
 *     responses:
 *       200:
 *         description: A list of users
 *         content:
 *           application/json:
 *             schema:
 *               type: array
 *               items:
 *                 type: object
 *                 properties:
 *                   id:
 *                     type: integer
 *                   name:
 *                     type: string
 */
router.get('/users', (req, res) => {
  // Retrieve and send user data
});

Comprehensive API Example

Let’s see a more comprehensive example involving multiple endpoints, schemas, and models:

/**
 * @swagger
 * components:
 *   schemas:
 *     User:
 *       type: object
 *       required:
 *         - id
 *         - name
 *       properties:
 *         id:
 *           type: integer
 *         name:
 *           type: string
 *
 * /users:
 *   get:
 *     summary: Retrieve a list of users
 *     responses:
 *       200:
 *         description: A list of users
 *         content:
 *           application/json:
 *             schema:
 *               type: array
 *               items:
 *                 $ref: '#/components/schemas/User'
 *   post:
 *     summary: Create a new user
 *     requestBody:
 *       required: true
 *       content:
 *         application/json:
 *           schema:
 *             $ref: '#/components/schemas/User'
 *     responses:
 *       201:
 *         description: The created user
 *         content:
 *           application/json:
 *             schema:
 *               $ref: '#/components/schemas/User'
 */
router.post('/users', (req, res) => {
  // Create and send user data
});

Integrating with an Express App

Finally, integrate swagger-jsdoc with Swagger UI in your Express application:

const express = require('express');
const swaggerUi = require('swagger-ui-express');
const specs = require('./swagger-jsdoc');

const app = express();

app.use('/api-docs', swaggerUi.serve, swaggerUi.setup(specs));

app.listen(3000, () => {
  console.log('Server running on http://localhost:3000');
});

With swagger-jsdoc, maintaining up-to-date documentation for your API is simpler than ever. This enhanced documentation will not only improve your development workflow but will also boost your SEO by providing comprehensive and well-structured API documentation.

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