Introduction to xlwt

xlwt is a Python library that allows you to create and manage Excel files in the .xls format. It is especially useful for generating reports, spreadsheets, and manipulating Excel files automatically via Python scripts. In this guide, we’ll go over various xlwt APIs and provide examples to help you get started.

Creating a New Workbook

To create a new workbook, you can use the following code:

  import xlwt
  workbook = xlwt.Workbook()

Adding a New Sheet

After creating a workbook, you can add a new sheet as follows:

  worksheet = workbook.add_sheet('Sheet1')

Writing to a Cell

Writing values to cells in the sheet:

  worksheet.write(0, 0, 'Hello, xlwt!')

Setting Cell Styles

You can set various styles for cells, like fonts and colors:

  style = xlwt.XFStyle()
  font = xlwt.Font()
  font.name = 'Times New Roman'
  font.bold = True
  style.font = font
  worksheet.write(1, 0, 'Styled Text', style)

Merging Cells

To merge cells, use the following code:

  worksheet.write_merge(2, 2, 0, 3, 'Merged Cells')

Saving the Workbook

After making the necessary changes, save your workbook:

  workbook.save('example.xls')

Example Application: Generating a Report

Here is a complete example of creating a sales report:

  import xlwt

  # Create a new workbook
  wb = xlwt.Workbook()
  
  # Add a sheet
  ws = wb.add_sheet('Sales Report')
  
  # Write headers
  headers = ['Item', 'Quantity', 'Price', 'Total']
  for col, header in enumerate(headers):
      ws.write(0, col, header)
  
  # Write data
  data = [
      ('Apple', 10, 0.5),
      ('Banana', 5, 0.25),
      ('Orange', 8, 0.75)
  ]
  for row, record in enumerate(data, start=1):
      for col, value in enumerate(record):
          ws.write(row, col, value)
      ws.write(row, 3, record[1] * record[2])
  
  # Save the workbook
  wb.save('sales_report.xls')

Conclusion

xlwt is a powerful tool for creating Excel files with Python. From simple tasks like writing to cells and adding styles to more complex tasks like merging cells and generating reports, xlwt makes it all possible with ease.

Happy coding!

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